TrueNAS Scale – How to install, useful links and guides

App Repositories

Before installing TrueNAS I had a look at some guides and kept reading suggestions to install X app from TrueCharts, unsure what that was I put it to the side, but it’s just an app repository and sometimes you may find your desired app is not on the official repository, but on TrueCharts – great.

I personally like to use the official repo and if I can’t find an app on there or it’s not working correctly I use the available one on TrueCharts. Here’s a guide on how to add it, but it’s pretty self explanatory.

Getting Started with TrueCharts | TrueCharts Charts
https://truecharts.org/platforms/scale/guides/getting-started/

TrueNAS Scale: Adding TrueCharts Apps Catalog – Tech Addressed
https://www.techaddressed.com/tutorials/truenas-scale-adding-truecharts/

Resetting Windows Vista Password (and possibly other versions)

To simply put, the main objective is to be able to access the command prompt. The ability to do this is most simply renaming cmd.exe in Windows/System32 folder to a file that is able to be launched on the login screen.

Utilman.exe is the most common one for Windows Vista. You can either use a Live CD, such as Hiren’s BootCD or a Windows 7 installation USB, using the repair option access either Command Prompt or a file explorer (via driver options) to then do the rename process, located in Windows/System32 folder.

Utilman is the bottom left corner icon that would display the accessibility options on the login screen. Renaming cmd.exe to Utilman.exe basically means when you go to turn on this option, the command prompt opens instead.

Steps

Step 1 (to list all users): Net User
Step 2 (to trigger password change): Net User <username> *

Download | Hiren’s BootCD PE
https://www.hirensbootcd.org/download/

How to reset password on Windows 7/ Vista / XP – YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dBf2iqmx5ns

A last resort would be to access the drive via another system and rename the files that way.

Net user | Microsoft Learn
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-server-2012-r2-and-2012/cc771865(v=ws.11)

Net User Command (Examples, Options, Switches, & More)
https://www.lifewire.com/net-user-command-2618097

Windows 11: Hiding the annoying “ENG xx” language button on the taskbar

Step 1 – Settings

Open Windows system settings, either going to the start menu and typing “settings” which should be the first option on your search results, or pressing Windows key + I keyboard shortcut.

Step 2 – Settings > Time & Language

On the left, go to ‘Time & Language‘. If you don’t, maybe this instruction is out of date. You could try searching for the next steps as the location may have been changed.

Step 3 – Settings > Time & Language > Typing

Within Time & Language, go to Typing on the list.

Step 4 – Settings > Time & Language > Typing > Advanced keyboard settings

Within Typing, on the list go to Advanced keyboard settings

Step 5 – Settings > Time & Language > Typing > Advanced keyboard settings

Within Advanced keyboard settings, tick the box ‘Use the desktop language bar when it is available‘.

In addition, click on the Language bar options, and make sure the language bar is hidden.

Doing the above should have instantly removed the button the moment you toggled it. If not I would recommend a normal restart and trying these settings again.

Installing Android Debug Bridge (adb)

Two ways of installing ADB, the first method is installing via Android Studio which will come with packages you may not ever use. The second option would be to just download the platform-tools

Android Debug Bridge (adb)  |  Android Studio  |  Android Developers
https://developer.android.com/tools/adb

Download Android Studio & App Tools – Android Developers
https://developer.android.com/studio

The second option

SDK Platform Tools release notes  |  Android Studio  |  Android Developers
https://developer.android.com/tools/releases/platform-tools

After installing, extract to somewhere simple, I would recommend C:\ just to avoid any url issues. So it would like like C:\platform-tools, then ensure you’ve set up the system PATH in your environment variables settings as “C:\platform-tools\” it’s as simple as that. Just start a powershell or cmd and type adb to confirm it works.

Other useful guides

How to install ADB on Windows, macOS, and Linux
https://www.xda-developers.com/install-adb-windows-macos-linux/

Commands & Steps

  1. Enable debugging mode on device, then connect device.
  2. Start PowerShell or Command Prompt (CMD)
  3. Type command to see connected devices list:
adb devices
  1. Then type to connect, check the to confirm authorisation:
adb shell

Testing malicious USB Cables

There are currently two ways of testing malicious cables. Pre-made testers and standard USB Testers that you can observe the current draw.

If you don’t know what I mean, check out the O.MG Cable, I will not go into the details of how you can visually tell them apart from other cables, and it depends on the cable brands and I guess both methods are evolving fast.

If you’re serious about making sure it’s malicious, I would recommend getting both or one that includes a current meter. If you’re like me and just want to double check a cable, a USB tester that shows current is enough.

Testers:

How to Detect Malicious USB Spy Cables #TSCM #MurrayAssociatesTSCM – YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nKnZd_1OdsE

O.MG Malicious Cable Detector – Lab401
https://lab401.com/products/o-mg-malicious-cable-detector

The CuVoodoo USB Bug Detector Safely Ferrets Out Those Sneaky Malicious O.MG Cables – Hackster.io
https://www.hackster.io/news/the-cuvoodoo-usb-bug-detector-safely-ferrets-out-those-sneaky-malicious-o-mg-cables-b7f5d961cb5f

USB Testers

FNIRSI-FNB58 Multi-function USB Voltage/Current Meter Type-C Fast Charge Tester

Visually:

How to spot the difference between the O.MG Cable and a standard USB-A Cable – iFixit Repair Guide
https://www.ifixit.com/Guide/How+to+spot+the+difference+between+the+O.MG+Cable+and+a+standard+USB-A+Cable/155496

Other

USB Data Blocker Teardown
https://mg.lol/blog/data-blocker-teardown/

Testing USB Cables – Type C – for Faults

Now days Type C cables require a bit more effort than previously with standard USB A and Macro cables, in addition the pins are so small it’s quite a struggle. To simplify and also check correct negotiations, you should grab a tester.

Test a USB-C Cable for Faults – YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2fIOK8FH3aU

USB-C Cable Testers

Search for:

Treedix USB Cable Tester
….

Mini USB Cable Tester 6 in 1 Cable Diagnostic Tool

Alternatively:

USB-C cable tester – C2C caberQU
https://caberqu.com/home/20-42-c2c-caberqu-746052578813.html#/26-case-without_case

USB-A to USB-C cable tester – A2C caberQU
https://caberqu.com/home/29-40-a2c-caberqu-746052578820.html#/26-case-without_case

FNIRSI-FNB58

[WordPress] Creating custom post type and converting/changing post types of your post/page

Creating a custom post type is as simple as tweaking the code, saving it to your functions.php file or if you prefer to have it not bound to your theme then saving it to a code snippet plugin.

Follow this guide here. If you prefer to have the posts be categorized and taggable, then use the modified code below:

/* Custom Post Type Start */
function create_posttype_services() {
    register_post_type( 'service',
    // CPT Options
    array(
      'labels' => array(
       'name' => __( 'Services' ),
       'singular_name' => __( 'Service' )
      ),
      'public' => true,
      'has_archive' => false,
      'rewrite' => array('slug' => 'services'),
     )
    );
    }
    // Hooking up our function to theme setup
    add_action( 'init', 'create_posttype_services' );
    /* Custom Post Type End */
    
    /*Custom Post type start*/
    function cw_post_type_services() {
    $supports = array(
    'title', // post title
    'editor', // post content
    'author', // post author
    'thumbnail', // featured images
    'excerpt', // post excerpt
    'custom-fields', // custom fields
    'comments', // post comments
    'revisions', // post revisions
    'post-formats', // post formats
);
    $taxonomies = array(
    'category', // post title
    'post_tag', // post content
);
    $labels = array(
    'name' => _x('Services', 'plural'),
    'singular_name' => _x('Service', 'singular'),
    'menu_name' => _x('Services', 'admin menu'),
    'name_admin_bar' => _x('Services', 'admin bar'),
    'add_new' => _x('Add New', 'add new'),
    'add_new_item' => __('Add New Service'),
    'new_item' => __('New Services'),
    'edit_item' => __('Edit Services'),
    'view_item' => __('View Services'),
    'all_items' => __('All Services'),
    'search_items' => __('Search Services'),
    'not_found' => __('No Services found.'),
    );
    $args = array(
    'supports' => $supports,
    'taxonomies' => $taxonomies,
    'labels' => $labels,
    'public' => true,
    'query_var' => true,
    'rewrite' => array('slug' => 'services'),
    'has_archive' => true,
    'hierarchical' => false,
    );
    register_post_type('service', $args);
    }
    add_action('init', 'cw_post_type_services');
    /*Custom Post type end*/

You can simply change “service” and “services” to the singular and plural of your choice. I’ve bolded the only change I did.

Now that you’ve got your custom post added and working, like me you probably wanted to change some of your current posts. There’s a great plugin called Post Type Switcher, however it seems to not be getting updated anymore and failed to work. The next option is to use a SQL Query. Log in to your phpMyAdmin, head over to your wp_posts, find SQL on the menu and run the below command. Look further into this article for more information.

UPDATE wp_posts SET post_type = 'service' WHERE post_type = 'post'

Links & References

How to Create Custom Post Type in WordPress (Easy Guide)
https://www.cloudways.com/blog/wordpress-custom-post-type/

How to convert/change post type in WordPress – QuadLayers
https://quadlayers.com/change-post-type-in-wordpress/

Thunderbird 115 Common Issues

Missing folders/emails in Unified Folders view

Close Thunderbird, go to the profile folder and delete virtualFolders.dat file and Mail folder. Start Thunderbird.

Exporting/Importing Message Filters

When you create a message filter, each filter is saved within the emails folder, in a file called msgFilterRules.dat, so when importing or exporting you’ll need to retrieve the file for every email address.

C:\Users\<USER>\AppData\Roaming\Thunderbird\Profiles\<PROFILE>\ImapMail\<EMAIL>\msgFilterRules.dat